53-Marker and Skeleton Definitions

For the 53-Marker human body model, there are currently three different versions. The differences between each version are as follows:

V1 Model

1. Supported V1 Models: 'Baseline+Toe, Headband(53)', 'Baseline+Toe+Hand, Headband(53)', 'Baseline+Toe, Headband + 3Finger(59)', 'Baseline+Toe, Headband + 5Finger(63)'.
2. The V1 model features a curved spinal skeleton. To mimic the human spine, the V1 model is used.

V1 Model

V2 Model

1. Supported V2 Models: 'Baseline+Toe, Headband(53) V2', 'Baseline+Toe+Hand, Headband(53) V2', 'Baseline+Toe, Headband + 3Finger(59) V2', 'Baseline+Toe, Headband + 5Finger(63) V2'.
2. The V2 model has a straightened spinal skeleton and is suitable for the media industry.

V2 Model

V3 Model

1. Supported V3 Model: 'Baseline+Toe, Headband(53) V3.'
2. The V3 model features a straightened skeleton and straightened arms, making it suitable for robotic applications.

V3 Model

53 Markers descriptions

Item Number	Marker Name	Description
Item Number	Marker Name	Description
1	HeadTop	Top of the head
2	LHeadFront	Front left side of the head
3	LHeadBack	Back left side of the head
4	RHeadFront	Front right side of the head
5	RHeadBack	Back right side of the head
6	C7	Base of the neck at the back
7	T10	Symmetrical point on the back of the sternum
8	CLAV	Collarbone
9	STRN	Sternum (midpoint of the centerline of the upper body)
10	LShoulderFront	Front of the left shoulder
11	LShoulderBack	Back of the left shoulder
12	LUArmHight	Left upper arm
13	LElbow	Left elbow
14	LElbowIn	Inside of left elbow
15	LFoream	Outer side of the left forearm
16	LWristIn	Inside of the left wrist (thumb side)
17	LWristOut	Outer side of the left wrist
18	LHandIn	Base of the left index finger joint
19	LHandOut	2cm below the root of the little finger joint of the left hand (space for one marker)
20	RShoulderFront	Front of the right shoulder
21	RShoulderBack	Back of the right shoulder
22	RUArmHight	Right upper arm
23	RElbow	Right elbow
24	RElbowIn	Inside of right elbow
25	RFoream	Outer side of the right forearm
26	RWristIn	Inside of the right wrist (thumb side)
27	RWristOut	Outer side of the right wrist
28	RHandIn	Base of the right index finger joint
29	RHandOut	2cm below the root of the little finger joint of the right hand (space for one marker)
30	WaistLFront	Front of the left hip
31	WaistLSide	Side of the left hip (middle position)
32	WaistLBack	Back of the left hip
33	WaistRFront	Front of the right hip
34	WaistRSide	Side of the right hip (middle position)
35	WaistRBack	Back of the right hip
36	LThight	Left thigh
37	LKness	Outer side of the left knee
38	LknessIn	Left Knee (In the middle of the knee)
39	LShin	Left lower leg
40	LAnkleOut	Left ankle
41	LHeel	Heel of the left foot
42	LMT5	Outer side of the front of the left foot
43	LMT1	Inner side of the front of the left foot
44	LToe	Ball of the left foot
45	RThight	Right thigh
46	RKness	Outer side of the right knee
47	RKnessIn	Right Knee (In the middle of the knee)
48	RShin	Right lower leg
49	RAnkleOut	Right ankle
50	RHeel	Heel of the right foot
51	RMT5	Outer side of the front of the right foot
52	RMT1	Inner side of the front of the right foot
53	RToe	Ball of the right foot

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53 Skeleton description

Item Number	skeleton Names	Associated Point	Parent Segment skeleton
Item Number	Skeleton Names	Associated Point	Parent Skeleton
1	Hips	WaistLFront, WaistLSide, WaistLBack, WaistRFront, WaistRSide, WaistRBack	GLOBAL
2	Spine	T10, STRN, WaistLBack, WaistRBack	Hips
3	Spine1	T10, STRN	Spine
4	Spine2	C7, T10, CLAV, STRN	Spine1
5	Spine3	C7, T10, CLAV, STRN	Spine2
6	LeftShoulder	C7, CLAV, LShoulderFront, LShoulderBack	Spine3
7	LeftArm	LShoulderFront, LUArmHigh, LElbow, LElbowIn	LeftShoulder
8	LeftForeArm	LForearm, LWristIn, LWristOut	LeftArm
9	LeftHand	LHandIn, LHandOut	LeftForeArm
10	RightShoulder	C7, CLAV, RShoulderFront, RShoulderBack	Spine3
11	RightArm	RShoulderFront, RUArmHigh, RElbow, RElbowIn	RightShoulder
12	RightForeArm	RForearm, RWristIn, RWristOut	RightArm
13	RightHand	RHandIn, RHandOut	RightForeArm
14	Neck	HeadTop,LHeadFront,LHeadBack,RHeadFront,RHeadBack	Spine3
15	Head	HeadTop,LHeadFront,LHeadBack,RHeadFront,RHeadBack	Neck
16	LeftUpLeg	LThigh,LKnee,LKneeIn	Hips
17	LeftLeg	LKnee,LKneeIn,LShin,LAnkleOut	LeftUpLeg
18	LeftFoot	LHeel,LMT5,LMT1	LeftLeg
19	LeftToeBase	LToe,LMT5,LMT1	LeftFoot
20	RightUpLeg	RThigh,RKnee,RKneeIn	Hips
21	RightLeg	RKnee,RKneeIn,RShin,RAnkleOut	RightUpLeg
22	RightFoot	RHeel,RMT5,RMT1	RightLeg
23	RightToeBase	RToe,RMT5,RMT1	RightFoot

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53 point schematic diagram of human body sticking points

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Schematic diagram of real sticking points

Frontal Full-Body View

Back Full-Body View

Head View

Left Arm View

Right Arm View

Palm View

Leg View

Leg View

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53 markers and precautions for human body

1. There are 5 markers on the head: one at the highest point on the top of the head, and the other 4 markers are marked in the front, back, left, and right respectively. The markers on the front, back, left, and right should not be completely symmetrical, and the marker on the top of the head should be offset to make it different from the other 4 markers.
2. There are 8 markers on the upper torso: 1 point at the collar (clavicle position), 1 point at the midpoint of the front centerline (sternum), 1 point at the intersection of the spine and shoulder line (neck end), 1 point at the midpoint of the back centerline at the same level as the center of the front centerline, and 1 point at the front and back of the left and right shoulders respectively.
3. There are 16 markers on the arms. Place one marker on each upper arm asymmetrically: the right upper arm marker slightly below the midpoint and the left upper arm marker slightly above it. Do not place these markers too high or too low. With the arms raised parallel to the shoulders, the upper arm marker should be offset toward the front shoulder marker rather than lying on the centerline between the front and back shoulder markers. Place one marker on each forearm asymmetrically: the left marker slightly above the midpoint and the right marker slightly below it, both toward the outer side rather than in the center. Ask the subject to bend their arms upward and rest their hands on their shoulders, then adjust the forearm markers so that each forearm marker is farther from WristIn than from WristOut. Place two markers at each elbow joint near the bony landmarks; bending the arms upward with the hands on the shoulders makes the positions easier to check. Place one marker at the front and one at the back of each shoulder, two at each wrist, one at the base of each index finger, and one approximately 2 cm below the base of each little finger. Check joint marker placement by bending the joints.
4. There are 6 markers at the waist: 2 at the front of the hips, 2 symmetrically at the back and front with the rear point slightly higher than the front point, and 1 on each side asymmetrically, with one slightly forward and the other slightly backward.
5. Legs: 8 points, with 1 point on the outer side of the mid-thigh, positioned slightly higher on the left thigh and slightly lower on the right thigh for asymmetry. Knees: 2 points, with one point placed on the outer side of the knee and the remaining point placed in the middle of the knee to prevent obstruction. Lower Left Leg: Point positioned slightly above and towards the outer side of the midsection. Lower Right Leg: Point positioned slightly below and towards the outer side of the midsection.
6. There are 10 markers on the feet: on each foot, place one marker at the front of the forefoot, two at the forefoot bending joints (with the medial marker farther forward than the lateral marker), one at the ankle, and one at the heel. The heel marker and the two markers on either side of the forefoot must lie in the same plane. Keep corresponding markers on the left and right ankles and on both sides of the forefeet at matching heights where possible.
7. If there is an issue with the occlusion of the elbow joint marker, place the inner elbow joint marker slightly above the elbow joint, behind the arm, rather than inside the elbow joint.
8. If a knee marker is occluded, place the medial knee marker slightly farther forward rather than directly on the inner side of the knee.
9. Keep the markers on the left and right sides of the waist, knees, and ankles at matching heights where possible.
10. If recognition fails when rotating the wrists and forearms, check and adjust the forearm markers. Place the left forearm marker slightly above the midpoint and the right forearm marker slightly below it, both toward the outer side rather than in the center. Ask the subject to bend their arms upward and rest their hands on their shoulders. Adjust each forearm marker so that its distance from WristIn is greater than its distance from WristOut.
11. Secure areas that are prone to loosening and wrinkling with straps, such as the waist, upper arms, wrists, and palms.